Diagnosis Prevalence List
Though these numbers are based on studies that vary in design and populations and may involve assumptions about patient age distributions, they should reasonably reflect relative prevalences among children in primary care practices. Some listed conditions may not be considered medical diagnoses. Click Feedback for questions or to suggest better prevalence studies.
| Sort by Diagnosis | Sort by Prevalence | Patients in your practice | Citation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Childhood Obesity | 1/5 | 500 | [Robert: 2018] |
| ≥1 Mental, Emotional, Behavioral Disorder | 1/6 | 417 | [O'Connell: 2009] |
| Constipation | 1/8 | 312 | [Mugie: 2011] |
| Asthma (Pediatric) | 1/12 | 208 | [National: 2016] |
| Headache, Migraine | 1/13 | 192 | [Lewis,: 2002] |
| Substance Use Disorders | 1/13 | 192 | [Han: 2015] |
| Depression | 1/20 | 125 | [Birmaher: 2007] |
| Hypertension | 1/22 | 114 | [Sorof: 2004] |
| Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (1/11.5 of 8-15 year olds) | 1/23 | 109 | [Froehlich: 2007] |
| LGBT (adults, US) | 1/24 | 104 | [Gates: 2017] |
| Food Allergy | 1/27 | 93 | [Branum: 2009] |
| Anxiety Disorder (cumulative by age 16; adj.) | 1/30 | 83 | [Costello: 2003] |
| Speech Defects | 1/38 | 66 | [Newacheck: 1992] |
| Autism Spectrum Disorder | 1/60 | 42 | [Baio: 2018] |
| Headache, Chronic Daily | 1/100 | 25 | [Lipton: 2011] |
| Premature Infant (<27 weeks) | 1/100 | 25 | [McCormick: 2011] |
| Tourette Syndrome | 1/100 | 25 | [Khalifa: 2005] |
| Intellectual Disability | 1/100 | 25 | [American: 2013] |
| Congenital Heart Defects, all | 1/110 | 23 | [Hugh: 2016] |
| Celiac Disease (all ages) | 1/133 | 19 | [Fasano: 2003] |
| Transgender (prevalence in US adults) | 1/167 | 15 | [Flores: 2016] |
| In Foster Care (national estimate) | 1/185 | 14 | [Administration: 2011] |
| Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders | 1/200 | 12 | [National: 2017] |
| Seizure Disorder | 1/256 | 10 | [Hirtz: 2007] |
| Hearing Loss | 1/333 | 8 | [Finitzo: 1998] |
| Cerebral Palsy | 1/474 | 5 | [Oskoui: 2013] |
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia (heterozygote) | 1/500 | 5 | [Jorde: 2010] |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type I, in children | 1/588 | 4 | [Diabetes: 2005] |
| Ventricular Septal Defect | 1/593 | 4 | [Bernstein: 2004] |
| Cancer (all types, includes survivors) | 1/725 | 3 | [Hewitt: 2003] |
| Neural Tube Defects | 1/760 | 3 | [Utah: 2000] |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 1/847 | 3 | [Robson: 2019] |
| Down Syndrome | 1/884 | 3 | [de: 2017] |
| Hearing Loss or Deafness, Congenital | 1/909 | 3 | [Mehra: 2009] |
| Visual Impairment (worse than 20/70) | 1/935 | 3 | [Mervis: 2002] |
| Hearing Loss, Serious (>40 db, bilat.) | 1/935 | 3 | [Mervis: 2002] |
| Cleft Lip, with or without cleft palate | 1/940 | 3 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Transgender adolescents (13-17) | 1/978 | 3 | [Herman: 2017] |
| Juvenile Arthritis | 1/1,000 | 2 | [von: 2001] |
| Club Foot | 1/1,000 | 2 | [Jorde: 2010] |
| XXY (Klinefelter) Syndrome | 1/1,000 | 2 | [Morris: 2008] |
| Stroke (>6/100,000/yr. x 16 yr.) | 1/1,042 | 2 | [Roach: 2000] |
| Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (cum. incidence) | 1/1,070 | 2 | [Chu: 2000] |
| Hydrocephalus | 1/1,220 | 2 | [Persson: 2005] |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 1/1,408 | 2 | [Kappelman: 2007] |
| Cleft palate, without cleft lip | 1/1,574 | 2 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Tetralogy of Fallot | 1/1,657 | 2 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Rheumatic Heart Disease | 1/2,000 | 1 | [Chin: 2006] |
| Rectal & Large Intestinal Atresia/Stenosis | 1/2,138 | 1 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Congenital Hypothyroidism | 1/2,174 | 1 | [Maniatis: 2006] |
| Crohn's Disease | 1/2,193 | 1 | [Kugathasan: 2003] |
| Gastroschisis | 1/2,229 | 1 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Atrial Septal Defect | 1/2,329 | 1 | [Bernstein: 2004] |
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus | 1/2,329 | 1 | [Bernstein: 2004] |
| All Tandem Mass-Screened Conditions | 1/2,400 | 1 | [Schulze: 2003] |
| Sickle Cell Disease (national estimate) | 1/2,699 | 0.9 | [Hassell: 2010] |
| Coarctation of the Aorta | 1/2,717 | 0.9 | [Bernstein: 2004] |
| Pulmonary Valve Stenosis | 1/2,717 | 0.9 | [Bernstein: 2004] |
| Spinal Cord Injury | 1/2,861 | 0.9 | [National: 2005] |
| Reduction Defects, upper limbs | 1/2,869 | 0.9 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Traumatic Brain Injury w/ persistent disability | 1/3,190 | 0.8 | [Zaloshnja: 2008] |
| d-Transposition of the Great Arteries | 1/3,333 | 0.8 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Growth Hormone Deficiency | 1/3,480 | 0.7 | [Lindsay: 1994] |
| Cystic Fibrosis | 1/3,500 | 0.7 | [Comeau: 2004] |
| Childhood Absence Epilepsy | 1/3,571 | 0.7 | [Posner: 2008] |
| Aortic Valve Stenosis | 1/3,622 | 0.7 | [Bernstein: 2004] |
| Trisomy 18 | 1/3,762 | 0.7 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Amino Acid Disorders - total | 1/3,800 | 0.7 | [Schulze: 2003] |
| Diaphragmatic Hernia | 1/3,836 | 0.7 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Lennox-Gastaut syndrome | 1/3,850 | 0.6 | [Trevathan: 1997] |
| Turner Syndrome (1/2000 females) | 1/4,000 | 0.6 | [Stochholm: 2006] |
| 22q11.2 deletion syndrome | 1/4,000 | 0.6 | [McDonald-McGinn: 2011] |
| Neurofibromatosis, Type I | 1/4,000 | 0.6 | [Jorde: 2010] |
| Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome | 1/4,344 | 0.6 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Esophageal/Tracheoesophageal Atresia | 1/4,608 | 0.5 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Infantile Spasms | 1/5,000 | 0.5 | [Mackay: 2004] |
| Hirschsprung Disease | 1/5,100 | 0.5 | [Passarge: 2002] |
| Fragile X Syndrome | 1/5,161 | 0.5 | [Coffee: 2009] |
| Anophthalmia/Microphthalmia | 1/5,349 | 0.5 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Omphalocele | 1/5,386 | 0.5 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease | 1/5,714 | 0.4 | [Morocutti: 2002] |
| Reduction defects, lower limbs | 1/5,949 | 0.4 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy | 1/7,000 | 0.4 | [Jorde: 2010] |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta | 1/7,500 | 0.3 | [Jorde: 2010] |
| Leukodystrophies | 1/7,663 | 0.3 | [Bonkowsky: 2010] |
| Trisomy 13 | 1/7,906 | 0.3 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Hypoplastic Right Ventricle | 1/8,150 | 0.3 | [Bernstein: 2004] |
| Deafness | 1/10,000 | 0.3 | [Marazita: 1993] |
| Romano-Ward Syndrome | 1/10,000 | 0.3 | [Ackerman: 1998] |
| Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders - total | 1/10,400 | 0.2 | [Schulze: 2003] |
| Single Ventricle | 1/10,867 | 0.2 | [Bernstein: 2004] |
| Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return | 1/10,867 | 0.2 | [Bernstein: 2004] |
| Rett Syndrome | 1/11,364 | 0.2 | [Laurvick: 2006] |
| Chronic Renal Failure | 1/13,387 | 0.2 | [Ardissino: 2003] |
| Truncus Arteriosus | 1/13,876 | 0.2 | [Parker: 2010] |
| Hemophilia (A & B) | 1/14,588 | 0.2 | [Soucie: 1998] |
| Organic Acidurias - total | 1/14,700 | 0.2 | [Schulze: 2003] |
| Marfan Syndrome | 1/15,000 | 0.2 | [Jorde: 2010] |
| Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia | 1/15,000 | 0.2 | [Pang: 1997] |
| Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia (immotile cilia) | 1/15,000 | 0.2 | [Knowles: 2013] |
| Angelman Syndrome | 1/16,000 | 0.2 | [Kyllerman: 2013] |
| Phenylketonuria (PKU) | 1/16,500 | 0.2 | [Therrell: 2014] |
| Retinoblastoma | 1/16,667 | 0.1 | [Seregard: 2004] |
| Dilated Cardiomyopathy (0.57/100,000/yr.) | 1/17,268 | 0.1 | [Towbin: 2006] |
| MCADD | 1/17,759 | 0.1 | [Therrell: 2014] |
| Hemophilia A | 1/18,619 | 0.1 | [Soucie: 1998] |
| Tuberous Sclerosis | 1/20,000 | 0.1 | [Northrup: 2013] |
| Ataxia-Telangiectasia | 1/20,000 | 0.1 | [Rothblum-Oviatt: 2016] |
| Huntington Disease | 1/20,000 | 0.1 | [Jorde: 2010] |
| Polycystic Kidney Disease, autsomal recessive | 1/20,000 | 0.1 | [Zerres: 1998] |
| Glycogen Metabolism/Storage Diseases | 1/20,000 | 0.1 | |
| Biotinidase deficiency, partial | 1/24,957 | 0.1 | [Therrell: 2014] |
| Prader-Willi Syndrome | 1/25,000 | 0.1 | [Butler: 1990] |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 1/25,000 | 0.1 | [Marrie: 2018] |
| Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) | 1/33,333 | 0.08 | [U.S.: 2005] |
| Cancer, brain & CNS | 1/34,483 | 0.07 | [U.S.: 2005] |
| Cornelia de Lange Syndrome | 1/50,000 | 0.05 | [Barisic: 2008] |
| Fabry Disease | 1/50,000 | 0.05 | [National: 2012] |
| Myotonic Muscular Dystrophy | 1/50,000 | 0.05 | [Theadom: 2014] |
| Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) | 1/50,000 | 0.05 | [Verhaart: 2017] |
| Friedreich's Ataxia | 1/50,000 | 0.05 | [Durr: 1996] |
| VLCADD | 1/63,000 | 0.04 | [Therrell: 2014] |
| Hemophilia B | 1/67,413 | 0.04 | [Soucie: 1998] |
| Biotinidase deficiency, profound | 1/67,766 | 0.04 | [Therrell: 2014] |
| Methylmalonic Acidemia | 1/75,000 | 0.03 | [Chace: 2001] |
| Short-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency (SCADD) | 1/83,300 | 0.03 | [Schulze: 2003] |
| Hodgkin Lymphoma | 1/83,333 | 0.03 | [U.S.: 2005] |
| Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma | 1/90,909 | 0.03 | [U.S.: 2005] |
| Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I | 1/100,000 | 0.03 | [Moore: 2008] |
| Hurler Syndrome (Mucopolysaccharidosis type I) | 1/100,000 | 0.03 | [NINDS: 2006] |
| Cancer, bone & joint | 1/111,111 | 0.02 | [U.S.: 2005] |
| Guanidinoacetate Methyltransferase (GAMT) | 1/114,000 | 0.02 | [Mercimek-Mahmutoglu: 2015] |
| Tyrosinemia Type 1 | 1/120,000 | 0.02 | [Scriver: 2001] |
| Neuroblastoma | 1/131,579 | 0.02 | [U.S.: 2005] |
| Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) | 1/142,857 | 0.02 | [U.S.: 2005] |
| Cancer, kidney & renal pelvis | 1/166,667 | 0.01 | [U.S.: 2005] |
| Wilms Tumor | 1/172,414 | 0.01 | [U.S.: 2005] |
| Maple Syrup Urine Disease | 1/225,000 | 0.01 | [Carleton: 2010] |
| Propionic Acidemia | 1/238,346 | 0.01 | [Therrell: 2014] |
| Isovaleric Acidemia | 1/250,000 | 0.01 | [Ensenauer: 2004] |
| LCHADD/TFP Deficiency | 1/250,000 | 0.01 | [Schulze: 2003] |
| Behçet's Disease | 1/263,158 | 0.009 | [Sakane: 1999] |
| Homocystinuria | 1/300,000 | 0.008 | [Shinawi: 2007] |
| Myasthenia Gravis | 1/500,000 | 0.005 | |
| Chronic Granulomatous Disease | 1/500,000 | 0.005 | |
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia (homozygote) | 1/1,000,000 | 0.003 | |
| Arginase deficiency | 1/2,000,000 | 0.001 | [Nagata: 1991] |